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Antagonism of orexin-1 receptors attenuates swim- and restraint stress-induced antinociceptive behaviors in formalin test
(2012-12-01)
Orexin (ORX) plays an important role in pain modulation. ORX receptors have been found in many brain structures and are known to be involved in pain processing. It is well-established that the acute and chronic forms of ...
Involvement of dopamine receptors within the dorsal hippocampus in suppression of the formalin-induced orofacial pain
(2013-11-20)
It is widely established that the dopaminergic system has profound effects on pain modulation in different regions of the brain including the hippocampus, the salient area for brain functions. The orofacial region is one ...
Analgesic effects of cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN55,212-2 in the nucleus cuneiformis in animal models of acute and inflammatory pain in rats
(2011-10-28)
Nucleus cuneiformis (NCF) along with periaqueductal gray (PAG) and rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) is a part of descending system for pain modulation. Cannabinoids have analgesic effects on the PAG and RVM. This study ...
Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of Sambucus ebulus rhizome extract in rats
(1998-07-01)
In this study we used the chronic (formalin test) and acute (tail flick) pain models of rats for evaluation of probable analgesic and anti-infammatory effect of Sambucus ebulus (Se) rhizome extract. Sodium salicylate (SS) ...
Antinociceptive effects of Trigonella foenum-graecum leaves extract
(1997-10-01)
There are some reports concerning the antinociceptive effects of the plant Trigonella foenum-graecum (TFG) in Iranian traditional medicine. Because of the side effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive ...
Chemical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus by carbachol attenuated the formalin-induced pain behaviors in rats
(2015-01-01)
© 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Electrical and chemical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus (LH) produces analgesia. Previous studies emphasized the importance of LH in the modulation of nociceptive behaviors ...
Contribution of the nucleus cuneiformis to the antinociceptive effects of systemic morphine on inflammatory pain in rats
(2011-12-01)
Introduction: The role of midbrain reticular formation, which includes the nucleus cuneiformis (NCF), as a crucial antinociceptive region in descending pain modulation has long been investigated. In this study, we tried ...
Capsazepine, a transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) antagonist, attenuates antinociceptive effect of CB1 receptor agonist, WIN55,212-2, in the rat nucleus cuneiformis
(2011-12-01)
Introduction: Nucleus cuneiformis (NCF), as part of descending pain inhibitory system, cooperates with periaqueductal gray (PAG) and rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) in supraspinal modulation of pain. Cannabinoids have ...
Interaction between the dopaminergic and opioidergic systems in dorsal hippocampus in modulation of formalin-induced orofacial pain in rats
(2014-01-01)
The hippocampus is a region of the brain that serves several functions. The dopaminergic system acts through D1- and D2-like receptors to interfere in pain modulation and the opioid receptors play major roles in analgesic ...
Intra-accumbal orexin-1 receptors are involved in antinociception induced by stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus in the formalin test
(2016-09-01)
© 2016 by School of Pharmacy. Orexin, mainly produced by orexin-expressing neurons in the lateral hypothalamus (LH), plays an important role in pain modulation. Moreover, it is shown that the nucleus accumbens (NAc) is one ...